Suntan means browning the skin by exposing the body to ultraviolet radiation of the sun. This color change of the skin is due to the release of the pigment called melanin into the skin's cells. Melanin is produced by melanocytes and it protects the body from absorbing excess solar radiation.

People sun tan today for a variety of reasons -- to counter depression, to improve physical beauty and sexual attractiveness, and to improve the health of the skin. Recent studies have estimated that over 22 million Americans suntan every year.

When someone gets a suntan, the color of the skin changes when the rays of the sun damage the dead cells found in the skin. An ideal tanning session should not last too long, as overexposure to the sun may lead to melanoma and other damages. Eyes can be damaged if proper sunglasses are not used. To overcome these problems, various products are now available, and they produce the same result as a suntan without exposing the body to the sun, and potential damage.

Certain precautions must be taken before tanning. The ultraviolet rays of the sun can cause sunburns and rashes, thus being a concern when tanning naturally. Sunburns have been linked to the development of skin cancer. There are two types of ultraviolet rays -- UVA and UVB. These rays are sometimes linked to various fungal skin infections and contact dermatitis.

Using of sunblock and wearing hats and t-shirts can offer a small degree of protection against the sun. Do not tan between 12 noon and 3 pm, as the rays are the most powerful during this period. Apply sunscreen to body parts that are going to be exposed at least half hour before tanning. To get a better result from tanning, get a moderate amount of sun for a number of days, with a maximum of 20 to 30 minutes per day.